The Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences № 1/2026. Economics and Management.
Shamil M. Gimbatov
Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Leading Researcher, Institute of Socioeconomic Research, Dagestan Federal Research Center of the RAS, Makhachkala, Russia
ORCID: 0000-0002-8302-3544
Zaur U. Medzhidov
Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Researcher, Institute of Socioeconomic Research, Dagestan Federal Research Center of the RAS, Makhachkala, Russia
ORCID: 0000-0002-6008-1661
Dmitry N. Kobzarenko
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher, Institute of Socioeconomic Research, Dagestan Federal Research Center of the RAS, Makhachkala, Russia
ORCID: 0000-0002-0963-7935
Amina Sh. Gimbatova
student, Dagestan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Makhachkala, Russia
TYPOLOGY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN POPULATION
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The purpose of the study is to identify the population groups in the Republic of Dagestan according to the peculiarities of socio-economic behavior and life support strategies. The study was conducted using machine learning methods based on multidimensional data analysis algorithms. Using the cluster analysis on Rosstat’s Household Budget Survey data for 2016–2023, five population types with different behavioral patterns were identified. Among them, the dominant model stands out (42% of the population), in which the economic stability of households located mainly in rural areas is achieved not through the labor market and social transfers, but through the resources of the extended household and subsistence production. The natural income in this group exceeds the national level by 3,5 times. This cluster is organically supplemented by underage household members of the above group, which makes up 62% of the sample. A separate group of the rural population is consisted of rural pensioners, whose well-being relies mainly on federal support, in contrast to urban pensioners, whose incomes depend mainly on regional sources. These two groups are not very numerous (3,8 and 4,5% of the sample, respectively). About 30% of the sample includes the active urban population. The results of the study indicate the low effectiveness of standard social policy instruments (monetary benefits to individuals) for a significant part of the region’s population and the need to move to the development of rural infrastructure, as well as the development of targeted socio-demographic policy, taking into account the identified regional specifics.
Keywords: cluster analysis, machine learning, typology of socio-economic behavior of the population, Republic of Dagestan, households, subsistence farming, social policy.
JEL: G11
EDN: TQEZOD
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52180/2073-6487_2026_1_87_108
Financial support: This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 25-28-20473).
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Manuscript submission date: 04.12.2025
Manuscript acceptance date: 24.02.2026
For citation:
Gimbatov Sh.M., Medzhidov Z.U., Kobzarenko D.N., Gimbatova A.Sh. Typology of socio-economic behavior of the Republic of Dagestan population // Vestnik Instituta Ekonomiki Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk. 2026. № 1. Pp. 87-108. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.52180/2073-6487_2026_1_87_108 EDN: TQEZOD
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